Palatal Expander

Palatal expanders are common orthodontic appliances used to correct a cross bite, a type of malocclusion, by repositioning the jaw. Typically, palatal expanders are used at the initial stage of treatment, before the application of braces, as a way to eliminate crowding. Palatal expanders are normally used on individuals whose mid-palate has not yet fused with the jaw; such fusion normally takes place just after puberty, between the ages of 12 and 16 years.

Reasons for the Palatal Expander

Over a relatively short period of time, typically 3 to 4 months, palatal expanders can manage to correct the size of the palate so that the teeth can fit into their normal positions. These devices greatly reduce the need for pre-orthodontic tooth extractions and eliminate the need for many jaw surgeries. Palatal expanders are attached to the upper arch of the mouth by bands wrapped around the upper first molars. While there are removable expanders available, the ones glued into place are generally preferred since they cannot be misplaced.

Adjusting to the Palatal Expander

Palatal expanders have to be adjusted, usually every two days, something that is often intimidating to first-time users. The process is simple, however, and easily accomplished with a key provided by the orthodontist.

There may be some discomfort immediately following the insertion of the expander. At the very beginning, the patient may report a feeling of pressure on the teeth, on the roof of the mouth, or even behind the nose or under the eyes. In most instances, however, the patient quickly becomes accustomed to the palatal expander and feels no pain wearing it. During the first few days that the patient wears the palatal expander, the patient's voice may sound a bit different, but this, too, will quickly fade and cease to be problematic.

During the period of time in which the palatal expander is worn, a visible space between the upper central incisors may appear. This is normal and the space will close quickly once the expander is removed. For the patient's comfort, eating a soft diet for several days after the palatal expander is introduced may make the transition easier. The less chewing required at this stage, the better, so yogurt, mashed potatoes, pudding and ice cream may be desirable alternatives. Hard and sticky foods are to be avoided.

Benefits of the Palatal Expander

In addition to making room for the eruption of permanent teeth and to helping to align the jaw, the palatal expander also widens the nasal passages. This can reduce the risks of mouth-breathing, snoring, sleep apnea, and infections of the ear or sinuses.

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